Nutrients, Volume 17, Issue 13

Background/Objectives: Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) constitute a large proportion of the daily energy intake of Europeans, particularly among children and adolescents. High UPFs consumption is associated with poor dietary quality and adverse health o...

Background/Objectives: Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CKDB001 (LL) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-regulatory effects in vitro and in vivo, including attenuation of hepatic steatosis and modulation of lipid me...

Background/Objectives: Probiotics are increasingly recognized for their role in managing gastrointestinal disorders through modulation of gut microbiota. Restoring microbial balance remains a therapeutic challenge. Recent strategies combine probiotic...

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, often reported by individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), may impair functionality and exacerbate behavioral symptoms. Gut dysbiosis has been identified as a potential environmental factor influen...

Background/Objectives: The establishment of early gut microbiota is crucial for host health. Lactoferrin (LF), which is present in breast milk, positively impacts gut microbiota composition. However, the effect of lactation LF on the establishment an...

Background/Objectives: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are a significant global health burden, contributing to increased healthcare use, absenteeism, and economic strain. While clinical treatments exist, many individuals use traditional di...

Background: Circadian disruption (CD) aggravates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), but supplementation with prebiotics inulin and oat β-glucan may mitigate its effects. However, their impact on colonic architecture and hep...

Background: The least significant change (LSC) method should be introduced and considered a proper method to define the smallest clinically important difference between two consecutive measurements. Methods: The LSC was calculated based on 150 patien...

Background/Objective: Dyslipidemia significantly contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD), with triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as key components. While genetics play a key role in lipid levels, the interplay be...

Background/Objectives: The role of maternal diet in atopic dermatitis (AD) requires better understanding, as AD often manifests early in life and precedes other allergic diseases. We evaluated the association between maternal diet and AD up to 2 year...

Objectives: High-calorie diets are linked to increased risks of chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, yet their role in modulating pneumonia severity remains unclear. Focusing on the interactions among gut-originating short-chain fatty acids (...

Background/Objectives: Trace minerals (TMs), both essential and toxic, are integral to human physiology, participating in enzymatic reactions, oxidative balance, immune function, and the modulation of chronic disease risk. Despite their importance, i...

Celiac disease (CD) exemplifies the complexity inherent in multifactorial, immune-mediated disorders, with layers of pathogenesis and clinical expression that continue to challenge both researchers and clinicians [...]

Since its discovery in 1817, selenium had long been considered toxic, until 1957, when the element was demonstrated to protect vitamin E-deficient rats against liver necrosis and recognized as an essential micronutrient [...]

Gynecological diseases are a group of diseases that affect the reproductive systems of women [...]

Background/Objectives: This cross-sectional study examined the association between diet quality, measured by the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), and medical expenditures among Korean adults. Methods: We used data from the Korea National Health an...

Background/Objectives: A faster eating rate is associated with increased energy intake and risk of obesity. High consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is associated with a faster eating rate. Psychobehavioral aspects, such as body image self-pe...

Background High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a protein that indicates inflammation and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The intake of dietary amino acids can influence immune and inflammatory reactions. However, studies on the relat...

Background/Objectives: The gut microbiota (GM) is pivotal for immune regulation, metabolism, and neurodevelopment. Infants undergoing surgery for congenital gastrointestinal anomalies are especially prone to microbial imbalances, with a paucity of be...

Background/Objectives: Localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV) is characterized by chronic vulvar pain upon light touch to the vestibule, a specialized ring of tissue immediately surrounding the vaginal opening. LPV affects about 14 million people in the...

Background: Understanding the multifactorial determinants of human longevity remains a major scientific challenge. Certain regions of the world—so-called “longevity hotspots”—exhibit a notably high prevalence of centenarians; one such region is the p...

Background: The gut microbiome is a key modulator of the gut–brain axis and may contribute to the pathophysiology of both gastrointestinal and systemic disorders. This study aimed to evaluate gut microbiota composition and tryptophan/phenylalan...

Background/Objectives: Trimethylamine (TMA), produced by gut microbiota, and its derivative trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) are both associated with cardiometabolic diseases. While the effects of high-fat diets (HFDs) and high-disaccharide diets (HDDs)...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, driven by the global epidemics of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. In this evolving nosological lan...

Background: Obesity-associated metabolic disorders represent a critical global health challenge, which necessitates innovative strategies targeting lipid metabolism. Peanut skin procyanidins (PSPs), abundant bioactive compounds derived from agricultu...

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of four weeks of combined Acetyl-l-Carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on anaerobic and aerobic performance and fatigue resistance in trained cyclists, hypothesizing im...

Background: Magnesium (Mg²⁺) plays a fundamental role in various physiological processes, including neuromuscular function, glucose metabolism, cardiovascular regulation, and bone health. Despite its significance, the influence of sex on magnesium me...

Background: Sleep is a fundamental component of health, and deprivation has been linked to numerous adverse outcomes, including reduced academic and occupational performance, greater risk of accidents, and increased susceptibility to chronic diseases...

Background/Objectives: The adoption of sustainable eating behaviors is not only crucial for environmental health but also has significant implications for individual health outcomes. A deeper understanding of the psychological determinants underlying...

In personalized nutrition, dietary guidelines must be adapted to the physiological and developmental needs of individuals across the lifespan, especially during childhood and adolescence. These should account for nutritional status, health conditions...

Background/Objective: Lifestyle intervention is recommended as first-line treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This pilot study aimed to determine if a short-term hypocaloric dietary intervention induced changes in the phenotypic presentat...

Background/Objectives: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as molecular mediators involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Given the influence of diet on gene expression and inflammation, plant-based diets represent a potential non-phar...

Background/Objectives: Diets high in simple carbohydrates and saturated fats, commonly consumed in Westernized countries, have been linked to a greater predisposition to metabolic disorders, which are partly attributed to oxidative stress. This study...

Background/Objectives: Currently, Oman lacks a valid culture-specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for adults. This research aimed to develop and validate a reliable (FFQ) specifically for Omani adults. The study was conducted in two phases, em...

Background/Objectives: Creatine monohydrate supplementation has gained popularity in the fitness industry due to its ability to enhance athletic performance and has sparked curiosity about other possible effects of the supplement. The purpose of this...

Background/Objectives: Food addiction (FA) and binge eating disorder share many overlapping features. Many individuals with binge eating disorder experience stigma; however, less is known about the stigma associated with food addiction. The current s...

Magnesium is an essential mineral involved in hundreds of biochemical reactions, with particular relevance to maintaining neural homeostasis, modulating neurotransmitter systems, and regulating inflammatory and oxidative stress mechanisms. This compr...

The increasing use of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) globally, such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF), has highlighted the pressing need to determine the modifiable factors affecting the success of...

Background: Chinese school-age students are at a high risk of developing obesity. However, few studies have reported individualized ways to prevent obesity by age, gender, and living regions. Methods: A total of 11,285 students aged 6–18 years...

Objective: Eating habits established during adolescence play a crucial role in shaping both current and future health status. However, adolescents today appear to be increasingly adopting poorer dietary and lifestyle habits. This study aims to invest...

Background/Objectives: The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index is a recognized marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk linked to insulin resistance. Combining TyG with anthropometric indicators (AIs) may improve risk prediction, but the compa...

Background: Although B vitamins are implicated in cardiovascular regulation, the associations between serum thiamine (vitamin B1) and blood pressure (BP) remain unclear, particularly among women who are at high risk for hypertension-related complicat...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its progressive form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), are growing global health concerns. However, pharmacological therapies for MASLD/MASH have not yet bee...

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by progressive cardiac dysfunction, metabolic dysregulation, myocardial fibrosis, and mitochondrial impairment. Existing animal models, such as streptozotocin (STZ)-induced models, suffer fro...

Background/Objectives: Healthy diets and proper nutrition are fundamental for human survival. With economic development and rising incomes, the food consumption structure of rural residents in China has noticeably changed. However, substantial dispar...

Background: The rising focus on dietary choices has contributed to maladaptive eating patterns, including orthorexia nervosa (ON)—a pathological preoccupation with healthy eating. This study investigated ON prevalence and correlates in two Poli...

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is key in maintaining cellular health and energy metabolism. Thiamine is required for proper functioning of enzymes involved in glucose metabolism, which is critical for providing energy to cells. This energy is essential for va...

Background/Objectives: Dietary patterns vary with age and sex. The aim of this study was to clarify the differences in dietary patterns among young and middle-aged Japanese individuals by age group and sex via statistical methods such as alpha divers...

Background: Under oxidative stress conditions, the increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells disrupt the intracellular homeostasis. Tartary buckwheat peptides exert their effects by scavenging oxidative free radicals, such as sup...

Background: Frailty is common in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and is associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality. Anti-inflammatory dietary education is a promising and cost-effective strategy for frailty improvement. Methods: A prospe...