Nutrients, Volume 17, Issue 8

Background: Diet is one of the most significant modifiable lifestyle factors influencing human health, contributing to both morbidity and mortality. Genetic variations in the pleiotropic 9p21 risk locus further shape premature aging, disease suscepti...

Background: Breast milk confers essential passive immunity to infants, particularly during viral pandemics. This study investigates dynamic changes in SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and proteome in the breast milk of mothers infected with either the...

Objectives: To investigate the association between visceral fat accumulation and the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) and the potential roles of accelerated biological aging in this relationship. Methods: Using data from the UK Biobank, a...

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a bioactive compound known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and metabolic effects, with growing interest in its role in supporting bone health. Preclinical studies, particularly those involving the t10c1...

Background/Objectives: Obesity and depression, in conjunction with multimorbidity, are interconnected conditions increasingly managed in general practitioner (GP) settings, yet these associations remain insufficiently studied in older patients. This...

Background/Objectives: Metabolites produced by gut microbiota play an important role in the crosstalk between the gut and other organs. Although HYA (10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid), a linoleic acid metabolite produced by lactic acid bacteria re...

Background: African Americans (AA) are disproportionally affected by hypertension (HTN). Gut microbiome metabolites (e.g., butyrate) may mediate the relationship between the microbiome and blood pressure (BP). Previous research reports a consistent i...

Background/Objectives: Obesity is a global health issue, and in this context, bariatric surgery is considered the most effective treatment for severe cases. However, postoperative outcomes vary widely among individuals, driving the development of too...

Heat stress (HS), driven by rising global temperatures, significantly impairs the nutritional composition and sensory quality of meat from monogastric animals, particularly swine and poultry. HS induces physiological disturbances, including reduced f...

Aims: This phase II study aimed to evaluate the impact of early nutritional intervention on the nutritional status and survival of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LANSCLC) patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods:...

Background/Objectives: A number of studies have reported on the improvement in physical and psychological diseases through diet; however, the findings for these ameliorative effects have differed. Such differences may be due to the varying metabolism...

Background/Objectives: The fern “Cyclosorus terminans” (C. terminans) or “Maiden Fern” contains interruptin A and interruptin B. This plant could attenuate obesity, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in rats fed a high-fat/ca...

Background: Breast milk is the most important nutrition for newborns. Growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and nerve growth factor (NGF) are among...

Background/Objectives: Vegetable leftovers constitute more than half of Vietnamese school lunch waste, partly due to limited ingredient variety, which may reduce meal acceptance. Methods: This cross-over study assessed the impact of diversifying vege...

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of 2-week ingestion of hemp fiber (high and low doses) versus placebo bars on gut permeability and plasma metabolite shifts during recovery from 2.25 h intensive cycling. Hemp hull powder is a rich sour...

Background/Objectives: Exposure to high altitudes often results in gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to identify probiotic strains that can alleviate such disorders. Methods: We conducted a microbiome analysis to investigate the difference...

In recent years, autoimmune diseases are becoming more and more prevalent worldwide, with this rapid rise being influenced by environmental factors linked to lifestyle changes in modern societies. In this context, the role of diet has been the topic...

Background/Objectives: This study compares dietary and physical activity (PA) habits between Spanish adults with and without diabetes and analyzes the association between PA, sociodemographic variables, and adherence to nutritional recommendations am...

Background/Objectives: Metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) is a multifactorial disorder resulting from disrupted transplacental mineral transfer and postnatal nutritional deficits, particularly affecting preterm neonates born before 32 weeks...

Background: Iron deficiency is a prevalent issue among elite athletes, particularly in endurance-based sports like football, where optimal iron status is crucial for aerobic capacity and performance. Despite the well-documented role of iron in oxygen...

Background: Discretionary foods are not necessary for a healthy diet and are too high in saturated fat and/or added sugars, added salt, or alcohol and are low in fiber. The aim of this study was to identify patterns of discretionary food (DF) consump...

Background/Objectives: Analyzing the carbon footprint of diets in various populations is important as it can help identify more sustainable food choices that reduce the overall impact of human activities on ongoing warming of the global climate. This...

Background/Objectives: Cancer and related treatments can impair body composition (BC), increasing the risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia, poor prognosis, and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). To enhance BC parameter interpretation through Bioe...

Background/Objectives: The consumption of SunGold kiwifruit, a fruit rich in vitamin C, has been associated with improved mood in healthy individuals with low vitamin C levels. However, no studies have examined this relationship in individuals with e...

Background: Hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle can significantly impair physical performance, neuromuscular function, and cognitive processing in female athletes, particularly during the premenstrual phase. Emerging evidence suggests th...

Curcumin (CUR), a bioactive compound found in turmeric, has garnered attention for its potential anti-inflammatory properties and impact on liver health. Numerous studies suggest that CUR may be crucial in mitigating liver inflammation. The compound’...

Background/Objectives: Dietary patterns rich in plant-based foods during pregnancy have been associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. However, not all components of these diets are healthy, and the impact of their quality on behavior...

Adolescent obesity and inadequate dietary habits remain pressing public health concerns in Portugal, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Food literacy has emerged as a critical framework for promoting healthier eating beha...

Background: Poultry meat is currently among the most widely consumed meats in Italy and worldwide. Poultry is reasonably affordable and accessible, explaining the high global consumption rates. This population-based prospective cohort study investiga...

Methods used in daily clinical practice for the assessment of the nutritional status in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are often based on simple indices and may not be sufficient in the case of minor or early changes. The purpose of t...

Background/Objectives: Sleep is essential for athletes. However, the impact of dietary habits on sleep quality in female endurance athletes at risk for low energy availability (LEA) is underexplored. This was a pilot study to examine the correlation...

Dhairya Rajguru was not included as an author in the original publication [...]

Background/Objectives: Very preterm body composition at term shows potential as a biomarker of later health outcomes, but effects from in-hospital formula versus human milk (HM) (maternal milk (MM) and/or pasteurised human donor milk (DM) supplement)...

Background/Objectives: Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) and Small Intestinal Fungal Overgrowth (SIFO) are distinct yet often overlapping conditions characterized by an abnormal increase in microbial populations within the small intestine....

Background/Objectives: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as an effective strategy for mitigating postprandial glycemia in overweight or obese individuals. This scoping review aims to examine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) condu...

Shinorine is a mycosporine-like amino acid isolated from laver (Porphyra dentata), and interest in its functionality has increased recently due to increased production using yeast. There have been few reports on the pharmacological activity of shinor...

Objectives: Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for various diseases. Identifying food components that can help reduce the levels of blood lipids, such as cholesterol and triglycerides, is a global research priority. It has been reported that 1-Kestose,...

Poor sleep is highly prevalent, affecting a significant proportion of the global population, and imposing a substantial burden on individuals’ health, quality of life, and productivity [...]

Background: While parental type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a known risk factor for offspring T2D, the differential impact of maternal versus paternal transmission remains debated. Methods: This prospective family-based cohort study enrolled 4508 diabetes-fr...

Background/Objectives: Food hypersensitivity remains an understudied and overlooked subject globally. It is characterized by adverse reactions to dietary substances, potentially triggered by various mechanisms. Food allergy, a subset of food hypersen...

Background: Cooking and dietary intake may affect psychological well-being. Objective: We evaluated the effects of a virtual culinary medicine teaching kitchen intervention on psychosocial health. Methods: In a randomized crossover trial implementing...

Background. Worldwide, colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Recent studies establish a relationship between natural compounds from plants with the prevention and tr...

Background: High delay discounting (DD), or the tendency to prefer immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards, has been associated with health risk behaviors. This study examined the DD of hyper-palatable foods (HPFs) and money, and their associat...

Background/Objectives: Phosphorus plays a fundamental role in cellular and extracellular metabolism, contributing to nucleic acid synthesis, enzymatic activity, neurologic function, and skeletal mineralization. Despite its significance, non-severe hy...

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic disease which clinically presents with symptoms related to esophageal dysfunction, while pathologically it is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of esophageal epithelium. Most patients with EoE pres...

The brain accounts for about 2% of the body’s weight, but it consumes about 20% of the body’s energy at rest, primarily derived from ATP produced in mitochondria. The brain thus has a high mitochondrial density in its neurons because of i...

Background: Critical illness induces profound metabolic alterations, characterized by a hypermetabolic state, insulin resistance, protein catabolism, and gut barrier dysfunction, which contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidenc...

Background: Being breastfed, following a healthy diet and staying active during childhood shape health trajectories across the life course, promoting long-term well-being. Despite the growing immigrant child population in Portugal, evidence on these...

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the regulation of the immune system, with immunomodulatory effects that are key in the prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). Over the past decades, research has shown that this steroid hormone impacts much more than...

Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing global health problem and the discovery of drugs is challenging. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of intestinal activation of the l...