2026 June - 166 articles
Cuticular wax mixtures are the major components of the lipophilic cuticle coating of plant aerial organs during primary growth and they protect plants from environmental stresses. Decoding cuticular wax biosynthesis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum&...
Chronic depression is associated with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter imbalance, and Alzheimer’s-like changes. Current monoamine oxidase inhibitors have limited cognitive benefits and disease-modifying properties. A new na...
The fast-growing cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 11901 is emerging as a promising chassis for photosynthetic biomanufacturing. Here we report recombinant protein production in PCC 11901 via signal peptide-mediated secretion, enabling direct reco...
Background: Age at diagnosis and histologic differentiation are clinically relevant in early gastric cancer (GC), as poorly differentiated tumors and those diagnosed in younger patients often demonstrate more aggressive characteristics. Serum microRN...
Mitochondrial dysfunction in colonic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is closely associated with impaired gut motility in functional constipation (FC), but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The mitochondrial unfolded prote...
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) are central regulators of cellular function, yet their biological roles are often reduced to an oxidative-stress/antioxidant dichotomy. This review reframes mtROS through the concept of mitohormesis, in w...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder traditionally defined by dopaminergic neuronal loss and Lewy body pathology; however, increasing evidence indicates that metabolic dysfunction contributes to both motor and no...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. Detailed characterization of cell surface proteins (CSPs) is essential for the identification of prognostic biomarkers and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Cancer...
Astragalus membranaceus, a medicinal plant used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, has attracted growing scientific attention for its potential anti-aging and anticancer properties, particularly for skin and bone health. Its key bioactive...
Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by FBN1 mutations, leading to elastic fiber disarray and early thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) formation. Currently, pharmacological treatments lack specificity and only delay pr...
Melanoma treatment has been transformed by immune checkpoint blockade, yet many patients still experience primary resistance, limited durability of response, or acquired resistance. These limitations underscore the need for additional targets that re...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype lacking effective targeted therapies, highlighting the need for new anticancer agents. Natural products remain a valuable source of bioactive compounds with diverse mechanisms of action. I...
Protein phosphatase PPM1A plays a critical role in cellular signaling by dephosphorylating key regulatory proteins. According to experimental data, the enzyme requires either Mn2+ or Mg2+ bound in the active center(s), hence its catalytic activity st...
Cardiovascular remodeling, encompassing vascular remodeling, myocardial remodeling, and fibrosis-associated tissue remodeling, underlies atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial infarction, myocardial fibrosis, and other cardiovascular dis...
The ability of cells to translate optical radiation into biochemical signals, i.e., optotransduction, plays an important role in the life sciences, including the development of emerging therapeutic strategies, with a relevant influence on inflammatio...
GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity and are increasingly relevant in periodontal and implant practice. This review covers mechanisms, preclinical and early human evidence, and practical p...
Endocrine therapy is an effective and common treatment strategy for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers. However, the development of endocrine resistance, through genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations, in about 40% of treated patien...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) and the accumulation of tau in the brain, which triggers robust innate immune responses. Growing evidence indicates that neuroinfl...
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a proteasome inhibitor primarily used to treat relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. However, its clinical application is limited by significant cardiotoxicity, the underlying mechanisms of which remain incompletely understoo...
Regulated cell death is essential for tissue homeostasis, immune defense, and disease progression, yet the lipid-based regulatory mechanisms that coordinate cell death signaling remain incompletely understood. Protein palmitoylation is a dynamic and...
Exerkines are bioactive molecules released in response to physical exercise and are considered important mediators of systemic adaptations. While previous research has largely focused on the effects of exercise modalities, the role of exercise intens...
Targeting checkpoints is one of the most promising strategies in cancer chemotherapy. Leukemia, in particular, is expected to yield high therapeutic efficacy due to its high replication stress. However, the DNA damage response factors involved in the...
Sarcopenia is defined as the age-related loss of skeletal muscle strength, power, and size. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms whereby sarcopenia occurs is an area of research that has received much attention due to the aging population. Skelet...
In the original publication [...]
Reductive stress, characterized by excessive reducing equivalents such as NADH, NADPH, and reduced glutathione (GSH), is increasingly recognized as a pathophysiological counterpart to oxidative stress. Chronic hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance...
In recent years, rapid technological progress in high-throughput sequencing, advanced mass spectrometry, and quantitative imaging has profoundly reshaped biomedical and clinical research [...]
This study evaluates the development of Halomonas bluephagenesis TD01 as a novel, sustainable microbial platform for the production of hyaluronic acid (HA). Three distinct hyaluronan synthase genes (sezHasA and spHasA "Class I" from the Streptococcal...
Protein kinases have key roles in cells as they regulate diverse signal transduction pathways. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling route modulates several processes, such as cell proliferation, cell programming, metabolic changes and st...
Biomedical materials, which are engineered to interact safely and effectively with biological systems, serve as the foundation of modern medicine. They facilitate precise diagnostics, targeted therapies, tissue regeneration, and the functional restor...
Sensitive skin is characterized by hypersensitivity to normal stimuli, and objective diagnostic tools and treatments are still limited. Currently, cosmetics for sensitive skin are developed through the exclusion of known irritants rather than investi...
Neurodegenerative diseases are increasingly recognized as disorders of due to disrupted cellular homeostasis, with mitochondrial dysfunction playing a central and early role in disease progression. This review explores the intricate relationship betw...
Background: Chronic pain is a multifactorial condition for which interdisciplinary multimodal rehabilitation is guideline-recommended, yet the biological mechanisms underlying treatment response remain incompletely understood and validated predictive...
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been the subject of extensive study in recent years due to their recognition as highly promising therapeutic molecules offering high specificity and a low risk of side effects. Monitoring the structure of these molec...
Understanding and regulating fish growth is vital for the economic sustainability of aquaculture. The melanocortin-3 and -4 receptors (MC3R/MC4R, known as neural MCRs), integral components of the leptin–melanocortin circuit, play crucial roles...
Caveolin-1 is a scaffolding protein of caveolae, flask-shaped membrane microdomains involved in diverse cellular processes. Caveolae are primarily localized to the plasma membrane, the trans-Golgi network, and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reti...
Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) ensure proper follicular development and oocyte maturation through gap-junction-mediated intercellular communication. Zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin with estrogen-like activity, specifically targets and impairs ovarian f...
Gelatin functionalized with methacrylate (GelMA), norbornene (GelNB), and phenol (GelPH) has been studied as a precursor for crosslinkable biomaterials in tissue engineering. Cytocompatibility is usually assessed post-hydrogel formation, but cells br...
Non-canonical nucleic acid structures such as G-quadruplexes (G4s), i-motifs, triplexes, junctions, and structured RNA domains offer coordination environments that differ fundamentally from those of canonical duplex DNA. This review is deliberately G...
The photothermal conversion capability of polydopamine (PDA) was exploited to load the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) onto its surface via π-π stacking and hydrogen-bond interactions, yielding a PDA-DOX complex. In this study, biocompatible...
Both the gut and the lungs possess a microbiome, a community of commensal bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses that perform important housekeeping functions in those organs. The colonic microbiome primarily ferments indigestible dietary fibers into...
Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived adipokine, plays a key regulatory role in physiological processes such as energy balance, glucose metabolism, and fatty acid oxidation. Evidence from animal studies indicates that adiponectin is involved in the regul...
Cancer remains a major global health challenge, with persistent limitations in early diagnosis, metastatic disease control, and the achievement of durable therapeutic responses with acceptable toxicity. These challenges highlight the need for more pr...
Traditional drug discovery is a high-risk, time-consuming, and costly endeavor. Drug repurposing has emerged as a pivotal strategy to overcome these challenges by identifying new therapeutic indications for approved drugs, thereby significantly reduc...
Phosvitin (PV) is a highly phosphorylated protein with strong metal-chelating capacity and bioactivity, but its application is hindered by poor environmental stability. In this study, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were introduced to form a PV–FO...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents unique treatment challenges, often due to the development of anti-cancer drug resistance. Previously, we demonstrated that CRISPR-directed gene ablation disabled the master regulator gene NRF2, a trans...
Evidence suggests that physical activity promotes bone health through mechanical loading and biochemical signaling between bone and muscle tissues. A class of signaling molecules known as exerkines is a key mediator of bone–muscle crosstalk. Al...
Placenta-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, serve as key mediators that influence metabolic programming in offspring under adverse early nutritional conditions, such as maternal obesity or gestational diabetes. They respond...
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) control of phenotypic states through regulation of contractile gene expression is critical for vascular homeostasis and for participation in pathological vascular remodeling, such as atherosclerosis. Cohorts of mole...
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma accounting for the vast majority of cases and characterized by extensive desmoplasia, immune exclusion, and resistance to systemic therapie...
Cancer research is pivotal for understanding cancer biology, discovering new therapeutic targets, and advancing precision medicine. However, it faces challenges such as data complexity, dispersed analytical tools, and the lack of a unified platform....
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