Diagnostics, Volume 14, Issue 3

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a placenta-mediated disease and remains a major cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. As PE develops, normal pregnancy’s hypercoagulable balance is disrupted, leading to platelet hyperactivation, excessiv...

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard treatment in acute cholecystitis. However, one in six cases is expected to be difficult due to intense inflammation and suspected adherence to and involvement of adjacent important structures, wh...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide, causing severe cognitive decline and memory impairment. The early and accurate diagnosis of AD is crucial for effective interve...

Hepatic vein outflow obstruction causes congestion of the liver, leading to necrosis, fibrosis, and portal hypertension (PH). A transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) reduces congestion and PH by providing artificial outflow. The aim of...

Peripheral nerves are subjected to mechanical tension during limb movements and body postures. Nerve response to tensile stress can be assessed in vivo with shear-wave elastography (SWE). Greater tensile loads can lead to greater stiffness, which can...

Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PMHE), a rare vascular neoplasm, was first described in 1992 asa fibroma-like variant of epithelioid sarcoma, and would be termed as epithelioid sarcoma-like hemangioendothelioma a decade later due to its signific...

The diagnosis of severe COVID-19 lung infection is important because it carries a higher risk for the patient and requires prompt treatment with oxygen therapy and hospitalization while those with less severe lung infection often stay on observation....

Background: Late diagnosis of sepsis is associated with adverse consequences and high mortality rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of hematologic research parameters, that reflect the cell morphology of blood cells, avai...

Fetal lingual tumors are very rare, and their early prenatal diagnosis is important for defining the subsequent therapeutic strategy. In this study, we aimed to describe a case of a congenital septate lingual cyst and perform an extensive literature...

Breast conserving resection with free margins is the gold standard treatment for early breast cancer recommended by guidelines worldwide. Therefore, reliable discrimination between normal and malignant tissue at the resection margins is essential. In...

Given the pronounced impact COVID-19 continues to have on society—infecting 700 million reported individuals and causing 6.96 million deaths—many deep learning works have recently focused on the virus’s diagnosis. However, assessing...

This review aims to provide an understanding of the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of uveitis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). In the wake of these molecules being increasingly employed as a treatment against different cance...

For ultrasound diagnosis, a gel is applied to the skin. Ultrasound gel serves to block air exposure and match impedance between the skin and the probe, enhancing imaging efficiency. However, if use of the ultrasound gel exceeds a certain period of ti...

A spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage is a rare complication occurring in the setting of interventional radiology procedures. Here, we present the case of a 73-year-old male who underwent CT-guided drainage of a periduodenal collection. During the procedu...

Purpose: We previously reported that T2 dark bands and placental bulges observed in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can predict adverse maternal outcomes in patients with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) and placenta previa undergoing prophylactic ba...

Chronic pain constitutes a significant disease burden globally and accounts for a substantial portion of healthcare spending. The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to an increase in this burden as patients presented with musculoskeletal or neuropathic pa...

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of a single haemodialysis (HD) session on the retinal and optic nerve morphology in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. Methods: It is a prospective study including only the right eye...

Background: Treatment with OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) is effective as a preventive treatment for chronic migraine (CM). Preclinical studies suggest that the mechanism of action of BoNT-A in migraine is based on blocking unmyelinated C fibers. We aim...

This study aims explore the feasibility of using neural network (NNs) and deep learning to diagnose three common respiratory diseases with few symptom words. These three diseases are nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory infection, and bronchitis/bronch...

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were originally discovered as a part of the innate immune response of the host to bacteria. They form a web-like structure that can immobilize microorganisms or exhibit direct antimicrobial properties, such as re...

Background: The tumor histological grade is closely related to the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer (EC). Multiparametric MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), provides information about the cellular density that may be useful...

Background: Hysteroscopy currently represents the gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine pathologies. Recent technological progress has enabled the integration of diagnostic and operative time, leading to the “see and tre...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, leading to visual impairment if left untreated. This review discusses the use of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) as a diagnostic tool for th...

For a long time, lung diseases have been considered the “forbidden zone” for ultrasound diagnosis because the lung is filled with gas, and the ultrasound waves are totally reflected when they encounter gas [...]

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a significant global health issue that particularly affects females, leads to notable societal and economic challenges and significantly affects the quality of life. This study focuses on the comparative analysis...

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common types of cancer in Poland and worldwide. Many risk factors lead to the pathogenesis of this disease, such as lifestyle choices, BMI, the medicines used in breast cancer therapy, and Lynch syndrome. EC...

Wide-field (WF) retinal imaging is becoming a standard diagnostic tool for diseases involving the peripheral retina. Technological progress elicited the advent of wide-field optical coherence tomography (WF-OCT) and WF-OCT angiography (WF-OCTA) exami...

This comprehensive review delves into the complex realm of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), expanding beyond their traditional involvement in autoimmune rheumatic disorders. By digging into historical changes, diagnostic complexity, and clinical signif...

Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica are species of protozoa- causing diarrhoea that are common worldwide, while Entamoeba dispar, Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis sp. appear to be commensal parasites whose role in...

Background: In forensic pathology, asphyxia presents a problem as frequently as it is thorny and challenging. Some knowledge in forensic pathology is still considered to be traditionally acquired and is not critically assessed with modern statistical...

Objectives: In the current study, we investigated the correlations between retinal microvascular parameters using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and clinical parameters for a group of 69 young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (...

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using a novel device, the Smart Eye Camera (SEC), for assessing tear meniscus height (TMH) after fluorescein staining and the agreement of the results with measurements obtained using standard slit lam...

1. Background. Preoperative staging of rectal lesions for transanal endoscopic surgery (TES) comprises digital rectal examination, intraoperative rigid rectoscopy (IRR), endorectal ultrasound (EUS), colonoscopy and rectal magnetic resonance imaging (...

Mucormycosis is an infrequent but fatal illness that mainly affects patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis, solid and hematologic neoplasms, organ transplantation, chronic steroid intake, prolonged neutropenia, iron overl...

The Kondo-Fu type of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SEDKF) is a rare skeletal dysplasia caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the MBTPS1 gene. The MBTPS1 gene encodes a protein that is involved in the regulation of cholesterol and...

Gastrointestinal hemangiomas (GIH) are unusual vascular tumors found anywhere alongside the GI tract, the small bowel being the most common site. Diagnosis requires good clinical insight and modern imaging. This is a comprehensive review of the liter...

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which explains the pain that such patients report. Currently, we are faced with ineffective, non-invasive diagnostic methods and treatments that come with multiple side effects and high recurrence rate...

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by reactivation of dormant JC polyomavirus (JCPyV). PML was mainly observed in immunocompromised individuals, such as HIV-positive...

(1) Background: Hemangiomas in Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome patients are typically benign but pose threats due to their vital locations involving the central nervous system and the retina. An MRI is currently recommended as the gold standard for...

Background: Hematoma expansion (HE) following an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a modifiable risk factor and a treatment target. We examined the association of HE with neurological deterioration (ND), functional outcome, and mortality based on the...

Radiotherapy (RT) plays a key role in brain tumours but can negatively impact functional outcomes and quality of life. The aim of this study was to analyse anti-neural and onconeural autoantibodies and markers of blood–brain barrier (BBB) disru...

Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma primarily affecting the liver. We present a case of an 84-year-old man diagnosed with PHL, incidentally detected during abdominal ultrasonography. The ultrasonography showed a hypo...

This study investigates the potential of the ultrasound imaging technique in the assessment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) pathologies by standardizing the examination process. We focused on four key ultrasound parameters: the inclination of the...

It is quite common for portal vein thrombosis to occur in subjects who present predisposing conditions such as cirrhosis, hepatobiliary malignancies, infectious or inflammatory abdominal diseases, or hematologic disorders. The incidence of idiopathic...

Background and Objectives: The prevalence of inappropriate laboratory testing is believed to be high, but only a limited number of studies have reviewed medical charts to determine whether tests impact medical care. Materials and Methods: From the el...

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome resulting from the translocation of t(9;22)(q34;q11), producing the BCR::ABL1 fusion gene. Variant Ph chromosome translocations, involving rearrangements in chromosom...

Endoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of cancers and cancer precursors in the oesophagus and stomach. Early detection of upper GI cancers requires high-quality endoscopy and awareness of the subtle features these lesions carry. Endoscopist...

Introduction: Cardiac resynchronisation therapy is ineffective in 30–40% of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Targeting non-scarred myocardium by selecting the site of latest mechanical activation using echocardiograph...

Although the diagnosis of sepsis requires the identification of the three components of infection, a systemic inflammation response, and organ dysfunction, there is currently no consensus on gold-standard criteria. There are however suggested tools a...

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is an irreversible and progressive inflammation of the pancreas that can involve both pancreatic parenchyma and the pancreatic duct. CP results in morphological changes in the gland in the form of fibrosis and calcification...